Which factor is NOT included in the PAVE risk management acronym?

PAVE is a risk management acronym used in aviation that stands for Pilot, Aircraft, enVironment, and External pressures. Each element represents a critical area that pilots should evaluate to assess potential risks during flight planning and operations.

In this context, visibility is not included in the PAVE acronym. While visibility is undoubtedly an important factor in flight operations and can affect safe flying conditions, it is categorized under the broader environmental factors. The "Environment" component already encompasses aspects such as weather, terrain, and visibility, without needing to specify visibility as a separate element in the PAVE model.

Understanding the PAVE acronym helps pilots ensure they consider all relevant factors affecting flight safety, allowing them to make informed decisions and manage risks effectively.